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RulesGoalkeeper — 6 Second Rule & Ball Control
Law 12·goalkeeping

Goalkeeper — 6 Second Rule & Ball Control

A goalkeeper cannot hold the ball in their hands for more than six seconds. Violation results in an indirect free kick. This rule is rarely enforced but has been given renewed attention in recent years.

The full rule

The goalkeeper is permitted to handle the ball inside their own penalty area but must release it within six seconds. Holding longer results in an indirect free kick from the spot where the goalkeeper was holding the ball. In practice referees warn goalkeepers before penalising them and the rule is inconsistently applied. However at the highest level with VAR, time-wasting by goalkeepers holding the ball is increasingly being called. A separate but related rule: if the goalkeeper controls the ball with their hands for more than six seconds during a penalty shootout, they receive a warning for the first offence and a caution for any subsequent offence.

Key points

  • Goalkeeper cannot hold the ball for more than 6 seconds
  • Violation results in an indirect free kick at the spot of the offence
  • Referees typically warn before penalising
  • Applies only inside the goalkeeper's own penalty area
  • Tapping the ball on the ground and picking it up again counts as continuous control
  • Rule applies during penalty shootouts with stricter sanctions

Scenarios

Scenario 1

Goalkeeper holds ball for 10 seconds

Foul

A goalkeeper catches a cross and holds the ball for 10 seconds without releasing it.

Correct call: Indirect free kick. The referee should warn first but if the goalkeeper ignores the warning and continues, an indirect free kick is awarded at the spot of the offence.
Common mistake: Not enforcing the rule at all. While referees have discretion, persistent time-wasting by holding the ball must eventually be penalised.
Scenario 2

Goalkeeper bounces ball on ground

Foul

A goalkeeper holds the ball, places it on the ground briefly, then picks it up again and holds it for 5 more seconds.

Correct call: The total control time continues from when the goalkeeper first had possession. Bouncing the ball does not reset the 6-second count. If total time exceeds 6 seconds, it is an indirect free kick.
Common mistake: Resetting the 6-second count when the goalkeeper touches the ball on the ground. Control is continuous from first possession.